diff --git a/app/[lang]/page.tsx b/app/[lang]/page.tsx
index 57a96a4..aae8ae6 100644
--- a/app/[lang]/page.tsx
+++ b/app/[lang]/page.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { Metadata } from "next";
-import { notFound } from "next/navigation";
+import { notFound, permanentRedirect } from "next/navigation";
 import { HomePage } from "@/components/home-page";
 import { isLanguage, languages, type Language } from "@/data/portfolio";
 import { getHomeMetadata } from "@/data/seo";
@@ -21,5 +21,9 @@ export default function LocalizedHomePage({ params }: { params: { lang: string }
     notFound();
   }
 
+  if (params.lang === "en") {
+    permanentRedirect("/");
+  }
+
   return <HomePage language={params.lang as Language} />;
 }
diff --git a/app/[lang]/resume/page.tsx b/app/[lang]/resume/page.tsx
index 69d8ab1..371b3f9 100644
--- a/app/[lang]/resume/page.tsx
+++ b/app/[lang]/resume/page.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { Metadata } from "next";
-import { notFound } from "next/navigation";
+import { notFound, permanentRedirect } from "next/navigation";
 import { ResumePageContent } from "@/components/resume-page-content";
 import { isLanguage, languages, type Language } from "@/data/portfolio";
 import { getResumeMetadata } from "@/data/seo";
@@ -21,5 +21,9 @@ export default function LocalizedResumePage({ params }: { params: { lang: string
     notFound();
   }
 
+  if (params.lang === "en") {
+    permanentRedirect("/resume");
+  }
+
   return <ResumePageContent language={params.lang as Language} />;
 }
diff --git a/app/page.tsx b/app/page.tsx
index 77d15e3..f741494 100644
--- a/app/page.tsx
+++ b/app/page.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
-import { redirect } from "next/navigation";
+import type { Metadata } from "next";
+import { HomePage } from "@/components/home-page";
+import type { Language } from "@/data/portfolio";
+import { getHomeMetadata } from "@/data/seo";
+
+const defaultLanguage: Language = "en";
+
+export const metadata: Metadata = getHomeMetadata(defaultLanguage);
 
 export default function RootPage() {
-  redirect("/en");
+  return <HomePage language={defaultLanguage} />;
 }
diff --git a/app/resume/page.tsx b/app/resume/page.tsx
index 873bd10..10bbb23 100644
--- a/app/resume/page.tsx
+++ b/app/resume/page.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
-import { redirect } from "next/navigation";
+import type { Metadata } from "next";
+import { ResumePageContent } from "@/components/resume-page-content";
+import type { Language } from "@/data/portfolio";
+import { getResumeMetadata } from "@/data/seo";
+
+const defaultLanguage: Language = "en";
+
+export const metadata: Metadata = getResumeMetadata(defaultLanguage);
 
 export default function RootResumePage() {
-  redirect("/en/resume");
+  return <ResumePageContent language={defaultLanguage} />;
 }
diff --git a/app/sitemap.ts b/app/sitemap.ts
index a6531c3..cd84fef 100644
--- a/app/sitemap.ts
+++ b/app/sitemap.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ export default function sitemap(): MetadataRoute.Sitemap {
 
   return [
     {
-      url: absoluteUrl("/en"),
+      url: absoluteUrl("/"),
       lastModified,
       changeFrequency: "monthly",
       priority: 1,
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ export default function sitemap(): MetadataRoute.Sitemap {
       priority: 1,
     },
     {
-      url: absoluteUrl("/en/resume"),
+      url: absoluteUrl("/resume"),
       lastModified,
       changeFrequency: "monthly",
       priority: 0.8,
diff --git a/components/home-page.tsx b/components/home-page.tsx
index ff41700..5d0b2d2 100644
--- a/components/home-page.tsx
+++ b/components/home-page.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { SiteShell } from "@/components/site-shell";
 import {
   getBasePath,
   getDirection,
+  getResumePath,
   portfolioContent,
   resumeFile,
   sharedProfile,
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ export function HomePage({ language }: { language: Language }) {
       ? "لوحة بورتفوليو لمجمع إعلامي ومبنى التلفزيون"
       : "Portfolio board for Media Complex and TV Building";
   const basePath = getBasePath(language);
+  const resumePath = getResumePath(language);
   const hasResume = resumeFile.available;
   const contactCards = [
     {
@@ -91,7 +93,7 @@ export function HomePage({ language }: { language: Language }) {
                       {t.ui.downloadCv}
                     </Link>
                   ) : (
-                    <Link href={`${basePath}/resume`} className="button-secondary hero-action-link">
+                    <Link href={resumePath} className="button-secondary hero-action-link">
                       {t.ui.onlineResume}
                     </Link>
                   )}
@@ -322,7 +324,7 @@ export function HomePage({ language }: { language: Language }) {
             </div>
 
             <div className="grid gap-5 sm:grid-cols-2">
-              <Link href={`${basePath}/resume`} className="soft-card content-stack-default block">
+              <Link href={resumePath} className="soft-card content-stack-default block">
                 <p className="eyebrow-note">{t.ui.onlineResume}</p>
                 <p className="type-card-title display-face text-[var(--color-ink)]">
                   {t.ui.viewFullResume}
diff --git a/components/language-toggle.tsx b/components/language-toggle.tsx
index c2bdd91..68ba52a 100644
--- a/components/language-toggle.tsx
+++ b/components/language-toggle.tsx
@@ -5,18 +5,15 @@ import { usePathname } from "next/navigation";
 import { portfolioContent, type Language } from "@/data/portfolio";
 
 export function LanguageToggle({ language }: { language: Language }) {
-  const pathname = usePathname() ?? `/${language}`;
+  const pathname = usePathname() ?? (language === "ar" ? "/ar" : "/");
   const nextLanguage = language === "en" ? "ar" : "en";
   const { languageLabel, languageToggleAriaLabel } = portfolioContent[language].ui;
   const segments = pathname.split("/").filter(Boolean);
-
-  if (segments[0] === "en" || segments[0] === "ar") {
-    segments[0] = nextLanguage;
-  } else {
-    segments.unshift(nextLanguage);
-  }
-
-  const nextPath = `/${segments.join("/")}`;
+  const contentSegments = segments[0] === "en" || segments[0] === "ar" ? segments.slice(1) : segments;
+  const nextPath =
+    nextLanguage === "ar"
+      ? `/ar${contentSegments.length ? `/${contentSegments.join("/")}` : ""}`
+      : `/${contentSegments.join("/")}` || "/";
 
   return (
     <Link
diff --git a/components/navbar.tsx b/components/navbar.tsx
index 3e378a8..76c868e 100644
--- a/components/navbar.tsx
+++ b/components/navbar.tsx
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ export function Navbar({ language }: { language: Language }) {
             <div className="logo-shell navbar-logo-shell overflow-hidden rounded-[20px] border p-2">
               <Image
                 src={sharedProfile.logoImage}
-                alt={language === "ar" ? "شعار غريس بطرس سلمون" : "Grace Butrus Salmoun logo"}
+                alt={language === "ar" ? "شعار غريس بطرس سلمون" : "Grace Salmoun logo"}
                 width={60}
                 height={60}
                 className="navbar-logo-image h-[60px] w-[60px] rounded-[14px] object-contain"
diff --git a/components/resume-page-content.tsx b/components/resume-page-content.tsx
index dfce7c6..2282bdf 100644
--- a/components/resume-page-content.tsx
+++ b/components/resume-page-content.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import Link from "next/link";
 import { JsonLd } from "@/components/json-ld";
 import { SectionHeading } from "@/components/section-heading";
 import { SiteShell } from "@/components/site-shell";
-import { portfolioContent, resumeFile, sharedProfile, type Language } from "@/data/portfolio";
+import { getBasePath, portfolioContent, resumeFile, sharedProfile, type Language } from "@/data/portfolio";
 import { getResumeStructuredData } from "@/data/seo";
 
 export function ResumePageContent({ language }: { language: Language }) {
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ export function ResumePageContent({ language }: { language: Language }) {
   const address = language === "ar" ? sharedProfile.addressAr : sharedProfile.address;
   const hasResume = resumeFile.available;
   const structuredData = getResumeStructuredData(language);
+  const portfolioPath = getBasePath(language);
 
   return (
     <SiteShell language={language}>
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ export function ResumePageContent({ language }: { language: Language }) {
                   {t.ui.resumeUnavailable}
                 </p>
               )}
-              <Link href={`/${language}`} className="button-secondary">
+              <Link href={portfolioPath} className="button-secondary">
                 {t.ui.backToPortfolio}
               </Link>
             </div>
diff --git a/data/portfolio.ts b/data/portfolio.ts
index 66e8c8c..18c2be2 100644
--- a/data/portfolio.ts
+++ b/data/portfolio.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ export type { Language, Project, AdditionalProject, PortfolioDictionary } from "
 export { sharedProfile, resumeFile, defaultLanguage } from "./portfolio/shared";
 export { englishPortfolioContent } from "./portfolio/en";
 export { arabicPortfolioContent } from "./portfolio/ar";
-export { getBasePath, getDirection, getPortfolioContent, isLanguage, languages } from "./portfolio/helpers";
+export { getBasePath, getDirection, getPortfolioContent, getResumePath, isLanguage, languages } from "./portfolio/helpers";
 
 import { englishPortfolioContent } from "./portfolio/en";
 import { arabicPortfolioContent } from "./portfolio/ar";
diff --git a/data/portfolio/en.ts b/data/portfolio/en.ts
index 67f5d1c..f12b3aa 100644
--- a/data/portfolio/en.ts
+++ b/data/portfolio/en.ts
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ import type { AdditionalProject, PortfolioDictionary, Project } from "./types";
 
 export const englishPortfolioContent = {
   meta: {
-    title: "Grace Butrus Salmoun | Architectural Engineer Specialized in Architectural Design",
+    title: "Grace Salmoun | Architectural Engineer and Architecture Portfolio",
     description:
-      "An architecture portfolio for Grace Butrus Salmoun, a Damascus-based architectural engineer specialized in architectural design, featuring work in urban rehabilitation, mixed-use towers, hospitality, landscape, shop drawings, and architectural visualization.",
+      "An architecture portfolio for Grace Salmoun, also known as Grace Butrus Salmoun, a Damascus-based architectural engineer specializing in architectural design, urban rehabilitation, landscape, shop drawings, and architectural visualization.",
   },
   ui: {
     navAbout: "About",
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ export const englishPortfolioContent = {
     title:
       "An architectural engineer who turns ideas into clear drawings and readable presentation boards.",
     description:
-      "Grace Butrus Salmoun is a Syrian architect based in Damascus, holding a Master's degree in Architectural Design from Damascus University, with published academic research in 2025 titled \"A Study of the Factors Influencing the Residential Urban Product: Marota City as a Case Study.\" Her portfolio includes towers, hotels, villas, public squares, landscape studies, and shop drawings.",
+      "Grace Salmoun, also known as Grace Butrus Salmoun, is a Syrian architect based in Damascus, holding a Master's degree in Architectural Design from Damascus University, with published academic research in 2025 titled \"A Study of the Factors Influencing the Residential Urban Product: Marota City as a Case Study.\" Her portfolio includes towers, hotels, villas, public squares, landscape studies, and shop drawings.",
     paragraphs: [
       "Her work connects technical production with architectural presentation through plans, sections, elevations, analytical drawings, and 3D visualizations.",
       "The portfolio includes professional and academic work in Damascus, a first-place project for the rehabilitation of Bab Touma Square, remote collaboration with Regal Pool, and teaching support at Damascus University.",
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ export const englishPortfolioContent = {
     onlineResumeDescription:
       "An architectural engineer with a Master's background in architectural design, published academic research in 2025 on the residential urban product in Marota City, teaching support experience, remote design work, and urban rehabilitation achievements.",
     resumeIntro:
-      "Grace Butrus Salmoun is a Damascus-based architectural engineer specialized in architectural design, working in architectural design, urban rehabilitation, landscape concepts, shop drawings, and visual presentation.",
+      "Grace Salmoun is a Damascus-based architectural engineer specialized in architectural design, working in architectural design, urban rehabilitation, landscape concepts, shop drawings, and visual presentation.",
     profileParagraph:
       "She combines organized design thinking, technical drawing ability, 3D modeling, and clear presentation skills, alongside academic research experience connected to her master's thesis and a published study on Marota City, with Arabic as a first language and good proficiency in English and French.",
     experienceDescription:
@@ -381,5 +381,5 @@ export const englishPortfolioContent = {
     { value: "3", label: "Languages: Arabic, English, and French" },
   ],
   footer:
-    "Architectural design, urban rehabilitation, landscape studies, shop drawings, and visual presentation by Grace Butrus Salmoun.",
+    "Architectural design, urban rehabilitation, landscape studies, shop drawings, and visual presentation by Grace Salmoun.",
 } satisfies PortfolioDictionary;
diff --git a/data/portfolio/helpers.ts b/data/portfolio/helpers.ts
index 6b589c2..3b0f18f 100644
--- a/data/portfolio/helpers.ts
+++ b/data/portfolio/helpers.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,11 @@ export function getDirection(language: Language) {
 }
 
 export function getBasePath(language: Language) {
-  return `/${language}`;
+  return language === "ar" ? "/ar" : "/";
+}
+
+export function getResumePath(language: Language) {
+  return language === "ar" ? "/ar/resume" : "/resume";
 }
 
 export function getPortfolioContent(language: Language): PortfolioDictionary {
diff --git a/data/portfolio/shared.ts b/data/portfolio/shared.ts
index a91e58c..4f4d8a0 100644
--- a/data/portfolio/shared.ts
+++ b/data/portfolio/shared.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import type { Language } from "./types";
 
 export const sharedProfile = {
-  brandNameEn: "Grace Butrus Salmoun",
+  brandNameEn: "Grace Salmoun",
   brandNameAr: "غريس بطرس سلمون",
-  founderNameEn: "Grace Butrus Salmoun",
+  founderNameEn: "Grace Salmoun",
+  fullNameEn: "Grace Butrus Salmoun",
+  alternateNamesEn: ["Grace Butrus Salmoun", "Grace Salamoun"],
   founderNameAr: "غريس بطرس سلمون",
   phone: "+963 993 292 652",
   whatsappHref: "https://wa.me/963993292652",
diff --git a/data/seo.ts b/data/seo.ts
index 0f95624..cdba52f 100644
--- a/data/seo.ts
+++ b/data/seo.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,15 @@ import type { Metadata } from "next";
 import { englishPortfolioContent, getPortfolioContent, sharedProfile, type Language } from "@/data/portfolio";
 import { absoluteUrl, siteName } from "@/data/site-config";
 
+const primaryEnglishName = sharedProfile.founderNameEn;
+const fullEnglishName = sharedProfile.fullNameEn;
+const englishAlternateNames = sharedProfile.alternateNamesEn;
+const arabicName = sharedProfile.founderNameAr;
+
 const sharedKeywords = [
+  "Grace Salmoun",
+  "Grace Butrus Salmoun",
+  "Grace Salamoun",
   "architecture portfolio",
   "architectural engineer",
   "architectural design",
@@ -26,13 +34,21 @@ function getAlternateLocales(language: Language) {
   return language === "ar" ? ["en_US"] : ["ar_SY"];
 }
 
+function getHomePath(language: Language) {
+  return language === "ar" ? "/ar" : "/";
+}
+
+function getResumePath(language: Language) {
+  return language === "ar" ? "/ar/resume" : "/resume";
+}
+
 function getOgImage(language: Language) {
   return {
     url: absoluteUrl(sharedProfile.heroImage),
     alt:
       language === "ar"
         ? "معاينة بورتفوليو غريس بطرس سلمون"
-        : "Portfolio preview for Grace Butrus Salmoun",
+        : "Portfolio preview for Grace Salmoun",
   };
 }
 
@@ -55,16 +71,16 @@ function buildMetadata({
     title,
     description,
     keywords: [...sharedKeywords, ...localizedKeywords[language]],
-    authors: [{ name: sharedProfile.founderNameEn }],
-    creator: sharedProfile.founderNameEn,
-    publisher: sharedProfile.founderNameEn,
+    authors: [{ name: primaryEnglishName }],
+    creator: primaryEnglishName,
+    publisher: primaryEnglishName,
     category: "architecture portfolio",
     alternates: {
       canonical: canonicalPath,
       languages: {
-        en: canonicalPath.includes("/resume") ? "/en/resume" : "/en",
+        en: canonicalPath.includes("/resume") ? "/resume" : "/",
         ar: canonicalPath.includes("/resume") ? "/ar/resume" : "/ar",
-        "x-default": "/en",
+        "x-default": "/",
       },
     },
     robots: {
@@ -106,9 +122,9 @@ export function getDefaultSeoMetadata(): Metadata {
     title,
     description,
     applicationName: siteName,
-    authors: [{ name: sharedProfile.founderNameEn }],
-    creator: sharedProfile.founderNameEn,
-    publisher: sharedProfile.founderNameEn,
+    authors: [{ name: primaryEnglishName }],
+    creator: primaryEnglishName,
+    publisher: primaryEnglishName,
     keywords: [...sharedKeywords, ...localizedKeywords.en],
     category: "architecture portfolio",
     referrer: "origin-when-cross-origin",
@@ -126,7 +142,7 @@ export function getDefaultSeoMetadata(): Metadata {
     openGraph: {
       title,
       description,
-      url: absoluteUrl("/en"),
+      url: absoluteUrl("/"),
       siteName,
       locale: "en_US",
       alternateLocale: ["ar_SY"],
@@ -149,7 +165,7 @@ export function getHomeMetadata(language: Language): Metadata {
     language,
     title: t.meta.title,
     description: t.meta.description,
-    canonicalPath: `/${language}`,
+    canonicalPath: getHomePath(language),
     pageType: "website",
   });
 }
@@ -162,7 +178,7 @@ export function getResumeMetadata(language: Language): Metadata {
     language,
     title,
     description: t.resume.description,
-    canonicalPath: `/${language}/resume`,
+    canonicalPath: getResumePath(language),
     pageType: "profile",
   });
 }
@@ -177,6 +193,7 @@ export function getHomeStructuredData(language: Language) {
       "@context": "https://schema.org",
       "@type": "WebSite",
       name: siteName,
+      alternateName: [`${fullEnglishName} Portfolio`, "Grace Salamoun Portfolio"],
       url: absoluteUrl("/"),
       inLanguage: ["en", "ar"],
     },
@@ -184,7 +201,11 @@ export function getHomeStructuredData(language: Language) {
       "@context": "https://schema.org",
       "@type": "Person",
       name,
-      url: absoluteUrl(`/${language}`),
+      givenName: "Grace",
+      additionalName: "Butrus",
+      familyName: "Salmoun",
+      alternateName: language === "ar" ? [primaryEnglishName, fullEnglishName, ...englishAlternateNames] : [fullEnglishName, arabicName, ...englishAlternateNames],
+      url: absoluteUrl(getHomePath(language)),
       image: absoluteUrl(sharedProfile.heroImage),
       jobTitle: t.ui.architectureEngineer,
       description: t.meta.description,
@@ -203,7 +224,7 @@ export function getHomeStructuredData(language: Language) {
       "@type": "CollectionPage",
       name: t.meta.title,
       description: t.meta.description,
-      url: absoluteUrl(`/${language}`),
+      url: absoluteUrl(getHomePath(language)),
       inLanguage: language,
       isPartOf: {
         "@type": "WebSite",
@@ -228,7 +249,11 @@ export function getResumeStructuredData(language: Language) {
       "@context": "https://schema.org",
       "@type": "Person",
       name,
-      url: absoluteUrl(`/${language}`),
+      givenName: "Grace",
+      additionalName: "Butrus",
+      familyName: "Salmoun",
+      alternateName: language === "ar" ? [primaryEnglishName, fullEnglishName, ...englishAlternateNames] : [fullEnglishName, arabicName, ...englishAlternateNames],
+      url: absoluteUrl(getHomePath(language)),
       email: sharedProfile.email,
       telephone: sharedProfile.phone,
       image: absoluteUrl(sharedProfile.heroImage),
@@ -240,7 +265,7 @@ export function getResumeStructuredData(language: Language) {
       "@type": "ProfilePage",
       name: title,
       description: t.resume.description,
-      url: absoluteUrl(`/${language}/resume`),
+      url: absoluteUrl(getResumePath(language)),
       inLanguage: language,
       isPartOf: {
         "@type": "WebSite",
diff --git a/data/site-config.ts b/data/site-config.ts
index 6d7470e..35c2e71 100644
--- a/data/site-config.ts
+++ b/data/site-config.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 const FALLBACK_SITE_URL = "https://grace-salamoun-architect.vercel.app";
 
-export const siteName = "Grace Butrus Salmoun Portfolio";
+export const siteName = "Grace Salmoun Portfolio";
 export const siteUrl = (process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SITE_URL ?? FALLBACK_SITE_URL).replace(/\/+$/, "");
 
 export function absoluteUrl(path = "/") {